Between Formal and Informal: Digital Film Distribution as a Complex Media Ecosystem

Abstract

The paper aims to examine the evolution of the film distribution system in the digital age. Crossing a middle-ground approach between Media Studies and Platform Studies, the paper aims to explore the dynamics of digital film distribution, considered a complex ecosystem in which formal and informal distribution practices coexist. Internet distribution of cinema has also forced traditional operators to review their content offerings and business models (Lotz, 2017). This has meant a massive transformation of industry players: traditional broadcasters have been joined by media conglomerates, OTTs, and tech players (such as Apple and Google). The definitive establishment of on-demand culture (Tryon, 2013) has pushed even the most conservative operators to guarantee online access to their content, with or without specific subscriptions. If cable and satellite TV had already revolutionized the scenario of film distribution, Internet TV has completed the process of dismantling traditional distribution channels (Lotz, 2018; Lotz et al., 2018). A new film distribution ecosystem was created, in which the younger generation move away from the constraints and limitations of traditional processes to embrace entertainment systems that are fluid and adaptable to each user’s personalized needs.